The Health Blog

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), commonly referred to as “heartburn” because of its primary manifestation which is a painful or burning sensation in the esophagus, just below the breastbone caused by regurgitation of gastric acid. The pain often rises in the chest and may radiate to the neck, throat, or angle of the jaw. GERD is a condition in which acid from the stomach refluxes into the esophagus.

Various foods are frequently cited as aggravating factors. Avoidance of these triggers may provide significant relief of symptoms and should be considered by patients with GERD as theeMedicine newsletter listed them.

1. Dietary fat intake. Fatty foods have been implicated as precipitating factors in symptomatic GERD. Dietary fat has been shown to decrease LES pressure and may increase the sensitivity of the esophagus to refluxed acid.

2. Caffeinated beverages. Patients commonly report that coffee and caffeinated beverages promote reflux symptoms. This may be due to a relaxation effect of caffeine on the LES.

3. Onions or spicy food. Onions have been shown to increase the frequency of reflux episodes as well as esophageal acid exposure time.9 One survey of patients with GERD reported that 88% of patients listed spicy foods as a precipitant of heartburn. Avoidance of onions and spicy foods may be a useful dietary modification in patients with GERD.

4. Citrus and tomato-based products. The acidity of citrus and tomato-based products may increase the overall gastric acidity in patients prone to GERD and further irritate an already inflamed esophageal lining with reflux episodes.

5. Chewing gum. Chewing gum or using lozenges increases saliva production and swallowing frequency, which can help clear away acid that has refluxed from the stomach into the esophagus. A clear reduction in acidic esophageal reflux has been documented in patients who chewed sugar-free gum for 30 minutes after a meal.This may be a useful adjunctive treatment option for patients with mild postprandial GERD.

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